Chronic bronch it is
Chronic bronchitis is a chronic nonspecific inflammation of the trachea, bronchial mucosa and surrounding tissues. Clinically, the main symptoms are cough and expectoration , and the disease lasts for 3 months every year for 2 years or more. Other diseases with cough, sputum, wheezing symptoms were excluded (such as tuberculosis, pneumoconiosis, lung abscess, heart disease, cardiac insufficiency, bronchiectasis, bronchial asthma, chronic nasopharyngitis, esophageal reflux, etc.)
Etiology thiab pathogenesis
Lub etiology ntawm tus kab mob no tsis meej meej, nws yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntev - lub sij hawm ntawm ntau yam. Feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev haus luam yeeb, kev ua haujlwm plua plav thiab tshuaj lom neeg, huab cua paug, kab mob thiab lwm yam. Mob khaub thuas feem ntau yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau mob exacerbation ntawm mob bronchitis.
Feem ntau ntawm qhov pib yog latent thiab qeeb, cov tsos mob me me thaum pib, thiab feem ntau ntawm cov neeg mob tsis mob siab rau; kuj tseem muaj qee tus neeg mob uas nws cov tsos mob tshwm sim tom qab mob ua pa sab sauv. Lub chav kawm ntawm tus kab mob yog ntev, nrog rov ua mob hnyav thiab maj mam ua kom hnyav. Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog hnoos ntev, expectoration, thiab qee cov neeg mob hawb pob.
Cov tsos mob
I. hnoos
Ntev ntev, rov tshwm sim dua, thiab ntuav hnoos qeev yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev mob ntsws ntev ntev. Thaum xub thawj, tus kab mob tshwm sim tsuas yog thaum huab cua hloov pauv loj heev nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav lossis tom qab kis tau cov pa phem (xws li kev haus luam yeeb), thiab hnoos qeev los yog ploj thaum lub caij ntuj sov lossis tom qab tso tseg cov pa phem (xws li txiav luam yeeb). Tom qab kev loj hlob qeeb ntawm tus kab mob, nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim raws li hnoos txhua xyoo puag ncig, thiab zuj zus nyob rau lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Feem ntau, hnoos hnyav dua thaum sawv ntxov thiab sib dua thaum nruab hnub. Ua ntej yuav pw, muaj hnoos los yog expectoration. Tom qab cov hnoos qeev nplaum nplaum, lub hauv siab zoo li xis nyob thiab hnoos zoo. Kev tsim tawm ntawm cov kua qaub thiab nqus cov pa roj (xws li cov plua plav hauv chav ua noj) tuaj yeem ua rau hnoos.
II. Kev cia siab
Cov hnoos qeev feem ntau yog cov mucus dawb los yog foamy serous. Thaum muaj teeb meem nrog tus kab mob, cov hnoos qeev hloov mus rau hauv mucopurulent los yog daj purulent hnoos qeev, thiab hnoos yog aggravated. Cia siab tias yuav muaj hnoos qeev ntau thaum sawv ntxov, tus neeg mob tau sawv los yog kev hloov ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau cov hnoos qeev tawm. Cov qog bronchial mucosa nyob rau hauv cov neeg mob siab heev yog atrophied, tus nqi ntawm expectoration yuav txo tau, thiab cov hnoos qeev yog tuab thiab nyuaj rau expectorate, uas ua rau mob heev rau tus neeg mob.
III. hawb pob los yog ua tsis taus pa
Some patients have bronchospasm, causing wheezing, often accompanied by wheezing, which can be induced by inhalation of irritating gases. There is often no shortness of breath in the early stage; when recurrent attacks are complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema, it may be accompanied by varying degrees of shortness of breath.
Teeb meem
I. Obstructive pulmonary emphysema
Obstructive emphysema is a common complication of chronic bronchitis that patients with alveolar wall fibrous tissue diffuse hyperplasia, coupled with lumen stenosis and sputum obstruction, and poor breathing, so obstructive emphysema can occur. In addition to cough, phlegm, asthma and other symptoms, gradually difficulty in breathing. At first, it was only shortness of breath during labor, and as the disease progressed, it also felt shortness of breath when resting.
II. Bronchial pneumonia
Chronic bronchial inflammation spreads into the peribronchial lung tissue, resulting in bronchopneumonia. Accompanied by fever, increased cough, increased sputum volume, and was purulent.
III. Lwm yam
Qee tus neeg mob tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob pulmonary mob ntev lossis txawm tias mob ntsws ntsws (mob plawv).
Cov ntsiab cai kho mob
The purpose of treatment is to reduce or eliminate symptoms, prevent lung function damage, and promote recovery. The main treatment methods include infection control, cough relieving, expectoration, which antiasthmatic treatment should be given when accompanied by wheezing.
Kev kho mob
I. Txhob haus luam yeeb thiab tsis txhob nqus cov pa phem thiab lwm yam khoom tsis zoo.
II. Ua kom muaj zog, ua kom lub cev muaj zog, tiv thaiv kom txias thiab ua kom sov, thiab tiv thaiv khaub thuas.
Cov neeg mob uas mob bronchitis tsis tau tsuas yog muaj kev txwv lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm tsawg, tab sis kuj ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv lub ntsws. Yog tias tus neeg mob muaj cov tsos mob pom tseeb ntawm hypoxia, oxygen yuav tsum tau txuas ntxiv. Yog li yuav ua li cas cov neeg mob uas mob bronchitis ua pa oxygen?
I. Master qhov qhia txog kev nqus pa oxygen. Kev nqus pa oxygen tuaj yeem txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm kev ua pa, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg mob uas muaj mob ntsws ntsws ntev yuav tsum tau nqus pa oxygen, yog li nws yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov lus qhia ntawm kev nqus pa oxygen. Cov pa oxygen yuav tsum tau muab tshuaj yog tias tus neeg mob muaj qhov txwv tsis pub ua pa thiab cov tsos mob ntawm cyanosis.
II. Xaiv qhov tsim nyog oxygen concentration. Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob ntsws ntev tau pom zoo kom siv qis - ntws thiab qis - kev nqus pa oxygen, thiab cov pa oxygen concentration ntawm 25 feem pua rau 50 feem pua yog qhov tsim nyog dua. Yog tias cov pa oxygen siab dhau lawm, lub siab ntawm lub ntsws yuav nce ntxiv thiab cov teeb meem yuav tshwm sim. Yog tias cov roj concentration tsawg dhau, nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm.
III. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kub thiab av noo ntawm oxygen. Thaum nqus pa hauv tsev, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov ntsuas kub thiab av noo ntawm oxygen. Yog tias qhov kub ntawm cov pa oxygen tsawg dhau los yog cov av noo tsawg dhau, nws yog ib qho yooj yim ua rau spasm ntawm txoj hlab pa tom qab nqus pa. Yog tias qhov kub thiab txias siab dhau lawm, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws puas.
IV. Kho qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev nqus pa oxygen thiab tshuaj. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqus pa oxygen yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov tsos mob ntawm cov neeg mob, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev kho tus kab mob. Yog li ntawd, rau cov neeg mob uas mob bronchitis, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau hais kom noj tshuaj thaum nqus pa.
Kev nqus pa oxygen yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov neeg mob uas muaj mob bronchitis, tab sis nws yuav tsum tau ua qauv thiab tsim qauv hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev nqus pa oxygen. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tuav cov lus qhia ntawm kev nqus pa oxygen, thiab tsis txhob ua qhov muag tsis pom kev thiab arbitrarily nqus pa oxygen. Cov kab mob bronchial thiab cov kab mob pulmonary ntev, uas muaj nyob hauv peb lub neej, yog txhua yam kab mob ua pa. Cov kab mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau lub cev thiab lub hlwb rau cov neeg mob. Cov neeg hauv tsev neeg yuav tsum xyuam xim rau lawv. Tsis tu ncua coj cov neeg mob mus rau hauv tsev kho mob tsis tu ncua los xyuas lawv lub ntsws ua haujlwm, txhim kho kev paub txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob, thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob kis tus kab mob ntxiv!